St. Casimir
A prince of Poland who claimed the Hungarian throne at thirteen, came home a fugitive, refused the marriage arranged for him, and died at Grodno in 1484.
Canonized 1522
St. Casimir (Catholic Encyclopedia)
- Universal Calendar, 4 March — 'St Casimir' [optional memorial]. Liturgy Office, Bishops' Conference of England and Wales. https://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Calendar/Universal/MarUC.shtml NOTE: this replaces a citation to that office's General-Roman-Calendar.pdf, which is a stale edition — it carries no John Paul II (2014), Paul VI (2019) or Faustina (2020) — and is a table the column-aware PDF reader takes apart. The HTML pages print date, celebration and rank directly.
- USCCB Liturgical Calendar 2026, 4 March — 'Saint Casimir' (optional memorial). https://www.usccb.org/resources/2026cal.pdf
- Catholic Encyclopedia (Herbermann, 1907-1913), 'St. Casimir' — born in the royal palace at Cracow, 3 October 1458, second son of King Casimir IV; at thirteen accepted the offer of the Hungarian crown from discontented nobles and 'returned a fugitive to Poland'; declined the marriage his father sought to arrange with a daughter of Emperor Frederick III; died at the court of Grodno, 4 March 1484, of lung trouble. https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03402a.htm
- He was canonized in 1522, and that is the only year any held document gives. The one article held for him says an inquiry ordered by Leo X 'was completed at Turn in 1520, and in 1522 Casimir was canonized by Adrian VI'. It is a single source and nothing held contradicts it. Two other years are widely repeated — 1521 under Leo X, and a Clement VIII act of 1602 with the ceremony in 1604. This record used to carry all three as an unresolvable conflict; neither of those two is in any document held here, so neither is asserted now. Fetching the document behind either would settle it.
- Two things the one_line gets right that are easy to get wrong. He did not refuse the Hungarian throne: the article says he 'accepted the call and went to Hungary to receive the crown' at thirteen and 'returned a fugitive to Poland'. What he refused was a marriage — his father 'tried to arrange for him a marriage with the daughter of Frederick III, Emperor of Germany, but Casimir preferred to remain single'.
- The article calls him 'the patron of Poland and Lithuania', and says he 'is honoured as far as Belgium and Naples'. That is the title in use rather than an act: nothing held records who declared it, or when.